Hetzel Dent classification
•Grade 0: Normal mucosa, no abnormalities found
•Grade 1: No macroscopic erosions, but presence of erythema, hyperemia, and/or friability of the esophageal mucosa
•Grade 2: Superficial ulceration or erosions involving less than 10% of the mucosal surface area of the last 5 cm of esophageal squamous mucosa
•Grade 3: Superficial ulceration or erosions involving greater than or equal to 10% but less than 50% of the mucosal surface area of the last 5 cm of esophageal squamous mucosa
•Grade 4: Deep ulceration anywhere in the esophagus or confluent erosion of more than 50% of the mucosal surface area of the last 5 cm of esophageal squamous mucosa
•Grade 5: Stricture, defined as a narrowing of the esophagus that does not allow easy passage of the endoscope without dilatation https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK47264/
Modified Los Angeles classification (LA grade)
Grade N: No minimal change and no mucosal break
Grade M: Minimal change without mucosal break
Grade A: One (or more) mucosal break no longer than 5mm, that does not extend between the tops of two mucosal folds
Grade B: One (or more) mucosal break more than 5mm long that does not extend between the tops of two mucosal folds
Grade C: One (or more) mucosal break that is continuous between the tops of two or more mucosal folds but which involves < 75% of the circumference
Grade D: One (or more) mucosal break which involves ≥ 75% of the esophageal circumference
Initial Management
• Esophageal biopsies: rule out other conditions in the differential diagnosis, such as eosinophilic esophagitis, Crohn’s disease, Barrett esophagus, infection and others
• Treatment:
- PPI: esomeprazole, lansoparzole….
- Baclofen: prior to surgery
- Surgery
Comments